NMM 10918. Arched harp, KwaZulu-Natal, 20th century. Five strings. Strings attached beneath skin at lower end. Gift of Elias Burr Nyberg, Stow, Massachusetts, 2006.

NMM 10989.  Pluriarc (multi-neck harp), Benin (southwestern Nigeria), early 20th century. Probably played by the Edo speaking people of the area, where the tradition dates back to the days of ancient Benin. Eight strings. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

Lit.:  "Recent Acquisitions," National Music Museum Newsletter 35, No. 2 (May 2008), p. 6.

NMM 2388. Arched harp, Central Africa, ca. 1900. Five strings. Ivory pegs and neck terminate in carving of a human head with elaborate hair style. Small waisted soundbox covered by reptile skin. Strings attached at lower end to string holder beneath skin. Board of Trustees, 1978.

NMM 1503.   Arched harp, Belgian Congo, ca. 1900. Waisted, boat-shaped wood body tightly covered with hide. Two sound holes. Carved effigy head at the top of the curved, wood neck. Five pegs. Ex coll.: William E. Gribbon, Greenfield, Massachusetts. Purchase funds gift of Grace L. Beede, 1977.

NMM 5893. Arched harp (donnu) by Mangbetu people, Uele river region, Belgian Congo, ca. 1910-1920. Five strings. Wooden pegs, soundbox, and neck. Neck terminates in two carved heads. Hide-covered, waisted soundbox with six circular groups of nine small soundholes. Instrument decorated with twisted copper wire. Board of Trustees, 1995.

Lit.:  Margaret Downie Banks, "Anthropomorphic Harp a Link to Zaire's Colonial Past," The Shrine to Music Museum Newsletter, Vol. XXIII, No. 3 (January 1996), p. 5.

NMM 12612. Arched harp attributed to Mangbetu people, Ubang region, Belgian Congo, before 1920. Five strings. Wooden pegs. Wooden soundbox covered with reptile skin. Ivory neck terminates in anthropomorphic face. Collected by Titus M. Johnson while on mission in Ubang region of northwestern Belgian Congo. Given by Johnson to Emil Sellstrom in 1920s. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 6021. Arched harp, Sub-Saharan Africa, ca. 1950. Five strings. Ivory pegs and neck terminate in carving of a female torso with arms surmounted by the head of a bird atop a circular pot. Curved wooden soundbox covered with reptile skin. Two circular soundholes. Gift of Jonah Knight, Vermillion, 1996.

NMM 12544. Harp, west Africa/possibly Ivory Coast, ca. 1970. Six strings. Gourd/body resonated. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 14405.  Pluriarc (multi-neck harp), Botswana, ca. 1978. Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Dale Reeves, Brookings, South Dakota, 2009.

NMM 12613. Arched harp, Kenya, ca. 1983. Five strings. Wooden pegs and neck. Small, hide-covered soundbox with one round soundholes. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 12613. Arched harp attributed to Cameroon, before 1986. Five strings. Wooden pegs and neck. Small, hide-covered soundbox with four round soundholes. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 4178. Arched harp, Cameroon, ca. 1987. Five strings. Wooden pegs and neck. Small, hide-covered soundbox with four round soundholes. Gift of Verna Syverson, St. Paul, 1987.

NMM 5050. Arched harp, Garoua, Cameroon, ca. 1988. Five strings. Wooden pegs and neck. Small soundbox covered with hide into which are cut four round soundholes. Gift of Verna Syverson, 1990.

NMM 13481. Arched harp, Kenya, before 1989. Four strings. Wooden pegs. Gourd soundbox covered with hide; neck formed from stem of gourd. Rim of soundbox decorated with cowrie shells. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 13457. Arched harp, Zambia, ca. 1993. Four strings. Wooden pegs and neck. Gourd soundbox covered with hide. Anthropomorphic carving on neck. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 2375. Arched harp (saùng-gauk), Burma, 20th century. Sixteen silk strings attached to neck by red cotton tuning cords terminating in large tassels. Boat-shaped resonator with neck carved from a root. Neck terminates in highly decorated representation of Bo-tree leaf. Decorated with pieces of mica ("Mandalay pearls"), glass, gilt, red and black paint. Stand similarly decorated. Grace L. Beede Fund, 1978.

Lit.:  "Gallery IV Opens November 16!,"The Shrine to Music Museum Newsletter, Vol. VI, No. 1 (October 1978), p. 1.

Thomas E. Cross, Instruments of Burma, India, Nepal, Thailand, and Tibet, The Shrine to Music Museum Catalog of the Collections, Vol. II, André P. Larson, editor (Vermillion: 1982), p. 3.

Thomas E. Cross, Musical Instruments of Burma, India, Nepal, Thailand, and Tibet in the Collections of The Shrine to Music Museum, M.M. Thesis, University of South Dakota, 1983, p. 56, plate XXII.

Linda Simonson, "A Burmese Arched Harp (Saùng-gauk) and its Pervasive Buddhist Symbolism," Journal of the American Musical Instrument Society, Vol. XIII (1987), pp. 39-64.

André P. Larson, The National Music Museum: A Pictorial Souvenir (Vermillion: National Music Museum, 1988), pp. 28-29.

Ido Abravaya, "Musical Instruments," Music at First Sight II (Raanana:  Open University of Israel, 2006), cover.

NMM 3387. Harp, northern Italy, ca. 1550. Thirty strings, diatonic (no pitch indication). Back of shallow sound box carved in linen-fold pattern. Pillar carved in grooved pattern. High crown a 20th-century replacement. Height 141.8 cm. Ex coll.: Bisiach, Milan. Witten-Rawlins Collection, 1984.

Lit.:  André P. Larson, "Early Italian Plucked Stringed Instruments at The Shrine to Music Museum," Lute Society of America Newsletter, Vol. XX, No. 1 (February 1985), p. 7.

André P. Larson,The National Music Museum: A Pictorial Souvenir (Vermillion: National Music Museum, 1988), p. 4.

NMM 5886. Triple harp (telyn), attributed to John Richards, Llanrwst, Wales, ca. 1750. Ninety-six strings (GG-g³) in three rows (36; 32; 28). Height 177 cm. Given in memory of Raymond John Lewis by Fanchion Robb Lewis, Granville, Ohio, 1995.

NMM 10007. Harp by Jean Henri Naderman, Paris, 1797. Thirty-eight strings (FF-a³). Single-action pedal mechanism with crochettes. Carved and gilded; chinoiserie decoration and painted soundboard. Height 165.1 cm. Purchase funds gift of Margaret Ann and Hubert H. Everist, Sioux City, Iowa, 2001.

Lit.:  "Recent Acquisitions," America's Shrine to Music Museum Newsletter, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 2001), p. 6.

André P. Larson, "Harp by Jean Henri Naderman, Paris, France, 1797," South Dakota Musician, 36, No. 3 (Spring 2002), cover and p. 25.

André P. Larson, Beethoven & Berlioz, Paris & Vienna: Musical Treasures from the Age of Revolution & Romance 1789-1848, with essay by John Koster, exhibition catalog, Washington Pavilion, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, September 12-November 2, 2003 (Vermillion: National Music Museum 2003), pp. 14, 25, 64, and 88.

NMM 4011. Harp by Erard Frères, Paris, ca. 1800. Serial no. 275. Forty-one strings (FF-d⁴). Single-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 164 cm. Originally sold to a General Charles Campbell. Gift of Robert E. McNair, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1986.

NMM 10992. Harp by Sebastian Erard, London, ca. 1800. Serial no. 292. Originally forty-two strings (EE-flat-d⁴); currently thirty-seven strings (EE-flat-f³). Single-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 171.5 cm. Originally sold to Lady Liddell, Wimpole Street, London. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 12635. Harp by Sebastian Erard, London, ca. 1800. Serial no. 348. Forty-one strings (EE-flat-c⁴). Single-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 171 cm. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 2733. Harp by Sebastian Erard, London, 18 Great Marlborough Street, ca. 1812. Serial no. 1495. Forty-three strings (EE-e⁴). Single-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Eighth notch for missing swell pedal. Grecian style decoration. Height 168.1 cm. Originally sold to W. G. Percivall, St. James' Street, Bath. Played by Jess W. Norris in the Voegeli Orchestra in Beresford, South Dakota, and the Norris Harp Orchestra in Elk Point and Yankton, South Dakota, ca. 1903-30. Ex coll.: University Museum, Vermillion. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

Lit.:  André P. Larson, The National Music Museum: A Pictorial Souvenir (Vermillion: National Music Museum, 1988), p. 55.

NMM 12636. Harp by Sebastian Erard, London, ca. 1820. Serial no. 3236. Forty-three strings (EE-flat-e-sharp⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 170 cm. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 5904. Harp by John Charles Schwieso, London, after 1826. Serial no. 558. Forty-four strings (EE-f⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes, swell pedal. Grecian style ornamentation. Height 171 cm. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1988.

NMM 1218. Harp by Sebastian Erard, London, 18 Great Marlborough Street, 1831. Serial no. 4458. Forty-three strings (EE-e⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Eighth notch for missing swell pedal. Grecian style decoration. Height 164 cm. Originally built for Marcus Crosbie, Esq., 78 Great Titchfield Street, London, October 28, 1831. Ex coll.: Mrs. Charles L. Von Berg, LeMars, Iowa. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

NMM 5776. Harp, Germany or Bohemia, ca. 1835. Twenty-eight strings, diatonic (no pitch indication). Height 148.9 cm. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1988.

NMM 1221. Harp by J. F. Browne and Co., London, and 295 Broadway, New York, 1848-56. Serial no. 2982. Forty-five strings (DD-f⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes, swell pedal. Height 173.3 cm. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

NMM 10991. Harp, probably Central/Southern Germany or Bohemia, ca. 1850-1890. Thirty-three strings, diatonic (FF-c³). Height: 167.2 cm. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 3759. Harp, England, ca. 1850-1900. Thirty-three strings, diatonic (no pitch indication). Shape and style of pedal harp, including gold paint to simulate metal reinforcements. Leather sheath at midpoint of pillar may have been a carrying handle. Height 107.2 cm. Ex colls.: J. R. Miller, Bristol, England; Mrs. Charles L. Von Berg, LeMars, Iowa. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

NMM 4149. Harp by Browne and Buckwell, New York, New York, ca. 1873-1878. Forty-four strings (EE-f⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 173 cm. Gift of Marian Rognsvoorg, Oak Creek, Wisconsin, 1987.

NMM 3758. Harp by Sweetland, Chicago, Illinois, ca. 1880-1900. Sweetland Style 21, serial number 754. Forty-five strings (DD-f⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 173 cm. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

NMM 10990. Harp, probably Central/Southern Germany or Bohemia, ca. 1890-1910. Originally configured for forty strings; currently configured for thirty-nine strings, diatonic (AA-d⁴). Height: 147.5 cm. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 5728. Double chromatic harp by Henry Greenway, Brooklyn, New York, ca. 1895. Seventy-four strings; forty-three on neck to player's left; thirty-one on neck to player's right (FF-f⁴). Height 165.6 cm. Purchase funds gift of Carole and Bruce Stavens, Sioux City, Iowa, 1994.

Lit.:  "1994 Acquisitions Include Rare Pianos, Harp, Woodwinds," The Shrine to Music Museum Newsletter, Vol. 22, No. 2 (January 1995), p. 2.

André P. Larson, "Double Chromatic Harp by Henry Greenway," South Dakota Musician, Vol. 29, No. 3 (Spring 1995), p. 28.

NMM 4923. Harp by Lyon and Healy, Chicago, Illinois, before 1897. Serial no. 282. Style 22. Forty-five strings (DD-f⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Patented "enlarged" soundboard. Height 178 cm. Original owner, Marjorie Shanafeld, Lincoln, Nebraska, teacher of Grace L. Beede. Gift of Grace L. Beede Estate, Vermillion, 1990.

NMM 10471. Harp by Lyon and Healy, Chicago, Illinois, ca. 1900. Serial no. 887. Style 20. Standard concert size. Forty-five strings (DD-e⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 178 cm. Original owner, Willard Gilbert Selleck (1880-1959), Oakmont, Pennsylvania. Gift of John W. Selleck, Galena, Illinois, 2003.

NMM 5905. Harp by Lyon and Healy, Chicago, Illinois, ca. 1906. Serial no. 375. Style 11. Forty-two strings (EE-d⁴). Single-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 163.8 cm. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.

NMM 14520. Chromatic harp by Pleyel, Wolff, Lyon & Cie., Paris, ca. 1910. Serial no. 625. Seventy-eight strings (DD-g⁴). Cross strung with diatonic strings attached to right-hand side of neck (from the player's viewpoint), the accidentals attached to left side. Cast-iron neck integral with pillar and beam to which bass strings are hitched within the lower part of the body. Seven buttons on right side of neck and five on left side sound metal bars inside neck providing pitch standards for all notes of chromatic scale at a¹ = 435 hz. Height 179 cm. Gift of Peter Reis, Harps Unlimited International, Burlington, Connecticut, 2010.

NMM 11871. Harp distributed by Carl Fischer, New York, ca. 1910-1925. Serial no. 115. Empress model. Style M. Forty-three strings (EE-e⁴). Double-action pedal mechanism with fourchettes. Height 168.5 cm. Originally owned by Charles A. Templeman, Sioux City, Iowa. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.

NMM 5777. Harp by Clark Harp Manufacturing Company, Syracuse, New York, ca. 1913. Irish style. Junior model 636. Twenty-six strings (e-b³). Lever action. Height 76.5 cm. Original owner, Annadell Morgan (1887-1947), Vermillion. Gift of Cynthia Chaney, Wessington Springs, South Dakota, 1994.

Lit.:  "Irish Harp Preserves Slice of South Dakota History," The Shrine to Music Museum Newsletter, Vol. XXII, No. 1 (October 1994), pp. 6-7.

NMM 3512. Harp by Lyon and Healy, Chicago, Illinois, ca. 1962-68. Troubadour model, serial number 627. Thirty-two strings (C-f³). Hook mechanism rotated sideways by hand to raise pitch one-half step. Height 161 cm. Gift of Wanda Mehlhaff, Walnut Grove, Minnesota, 1984.

NMM 2701. Harp by Steve Wyatt, Arizona, 1974. Modelled after harp in Bosch's painting, "Garden of Delights." Twenty-four strings (C-e²), diatonic. Height 138.3 cm. Gift of Stephen L. Pearson, Chicago, 1980.